Alexander Sibikovskyi
Urgency of the problem of building multistory parking and garages
Kiev National University of Construction and Architecture,
Abstract. The present research work deals with contemporary issues and describes the construction of multi-storey garages and parking lots in existence today conditions, as the parking lot is a mandatory attribute of each city and suburbs around the world. This paper analyzes the possibility of full use of multi-garages and parking lots in the current environment composed of large and small cities. It has been calculated the optimal number of the cars at various needs. Comprehensiveness of the study process in calculating the parking requirements in multi-city parking garages, which mainly depends on two factors, has been given. The formula of intensity usage of your car, which is studied in each particular city individually compiled view of the impact factors, has been also given. The possible and effective topical solutions for the storage of cars drafting garages, parking facilities and attendant service garages and multi-storey car parks, have been presented. It has been specified on important issues and the lack of a clear modern techniques for the design and analysis of multi-storey structures of garages and parking.
Keywords: multi-storey car park, the construction of garages and parking lots, parking problems, lack of parking spaces.
Maryna Semenenko
Analysis metodologichni approaches to the definition of concentration of harmful substances in the air
Kiev National University of Construction and Architecture
Abstract. The article presents the results of the analysis of methodological determine the concentration of harmful substances in the air, which are grouped into three approaches. The first approach is the development of physics-mathematical models of dispersion, which are based on the laws of aerodynamics, turbulent diffusion and mass conservation. The second approach is the creation of numerical and analog models. The third approach is to create experiential – statistical models of dispersion, which are based on the regression analysis of the data. The analysis of calculation methods of analysis of harmful substances in the air from sources is fulfilled.The common flaw, which affects the reliability of the results.The technique, which uses as real observation, and in their absence – calculated with plenty of input parameters for more approaching to reality is recommended.
Keywords: analysis, method, concentration of harmful substances, environment.
Volodymyr Shapoval, Kateryna Prychyna, Iryna Bulich
A probabilistic method of determining slope stability ratio
State Institution of Higher Education «National Mining University»
Abstract. A probabilistic method of determining slope stability ratio allowing to estimate and compensate the drawback caused by the spread in particular values is described. The stability situation of an arbitrary slip surface slope in order to use the results for the different stability calculation methods is considered. It is proved that the inhomogenuity of ground layer structure and the inequality of slip curve distribution of restraining and shearing forces must be taken into account to improve the accuracy of determining slope stability ratio. Inherently given approach reflects the method of determining the normative and soil characteristics. Based on the investigation results a universal algorithm for determining design values of the slope stability ratio using the mathematical statistics methods has been developed. It is pointed out, that the main advantage of the proposed method of determining stability ratio compared to the generally accepted methods is in the ability to determine the range of change at a given confidence coefficient interval.
Keywords: slope, stability ratio, probabilistic method, shearing and restraining forces, design and normative characteristics, ground safety factor.
Volodymyr Shapoval, Stanislav Proshyn
On the determination of the forced vibrations of flexible slab foundation subjected to a point mass on an elastic winkler-fuss foundation
State Institution of Higher Education «National Mining University»
Abstract. While solving the practical problems of designing buildings and structures erected on a solid slab foundation, often there is necessity to consider the dynamic effects on the supporting structures of equipment located on the foundation. Therefore, there is a problem of determining the amplitudes and shapes of forced oscillations of slab foundation under machinery. Materials contained in this paper are dedicated to this issue. The analysis of the solutions describing forced oscillations of plates under dynamic loading is performed. As a base of studies dependence of the displacements of smooth plate on time is taken, considering elastic properties of the base described using the coefficient of the bed, as well as the weight applied at the center of the plate. Differential equations and determination of the deflection of the plate is realized using special functions, in particular, the Dirac delta function and the Bessel function of zero index. As a result, the expression for determining the vibration amplitudes and, thus, plate deflections in the framework of the problem of the elastic foundation of Winkler Fuss and applied to the plate weight is obtained. The solution is described as the dependence of the deflections on coordinate and time. Thus, it is seen that the waveform of the plate depends on the parameters of the plate, namely, the thickness and density, as well as frequency of dynamic load and characteristics of a base.
Keywords: forced stationary vibrations, foundations for machinery and equipment, combined massive-slab foundations, an infinite plate stress-strain state.